摘要 :
Drawing upon data from a sample of 597 small manufacturing firms, the current paper hopes to contribute to the emerging body of empirical literature, which seeks to distinguish the characteristics of more and less innovative small...
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Drawing upon data from a sample of 597 small manufacturing firms, the current paper hopes to contribute to the emerging body of empirical literature, which seeks to distinguish the characteristics of more and less innovative small firms. Importantly, in so doing, a definition of innovation is employed which, at least partially, resolves many of the difficulties associated with operationalising the relativity of "innovativeness" and which places the emphasis upon innovation as a commercial, rather than a technological, phenomenon. To this end, a number of noteworthy observations are apparent. In broad terms, the paper points to the limits of viewing innovation output as a simple function of the volume of inputs. In other words, capability appears to matter at least as much as capacity. Moreover, the findings place the means of improving innovativeness firmly within the ambit of executives and suggest that these are likely to involve internal strategising and the development of human and intellectual capital.
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摘要 :
Drawing upon data from a sample of 597 small manufacturing firms, the current paper hopes to contribute to the emerging body of empirical literature, which seeks to distinguish the characteristics of more and less innovative small...
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Drawing upon data from a sample of 597 small manufacturing firms, the current paper hopes to contribute to the emerging body of empirical literature, which seeks to distinguish the characteristics of more and less innovative small firms. Importantly, in so doing, a definition of innovation is employed which, at least partially, resolves many of the difficulties associated with operationalising the relativity of "innovativeness" and which places the emphasis upon innovation as a commercial, rather than a technological, phenomenon. To this end, a number of noteworthy observations are apparent. In broad terms, the paper points to the limits of viewing innovation output as a simple function of the volume of inputs. In other words, capability appears to matter at least as much as capacity. Moreover, the findings place the means of improving innovativeness firmly within the ambit of executives and suggest that these are likely to involve internal strategising and the development of human and intellectual capital.
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The business environment faced by contemporary organizations is highly uncertain and constantly changing. Thus, organizations have adopted and implemented a continuous stream of innovations to achieve sustainable growth and surviv...
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The business environment faced by contemporary organizations is highly uncertain and constantly changing. Thus, organizations have adopted and implemented a continuous stream of innovations to achieve sustainable growth and survival. Considering the demand for additional resources to implement innovations, the present study explores organizational conditions that may lead to innovation-targeted burnout and fatigue among employees, which impede their active participation in a subsequent innovation. To this end, we propose a theoretical framework that elucidates the effects of previous innovations on the subsequent implementation behavior of employees. We identify two dimensions of the cognitive appraisal of previous innovations (i.e., intensity and failure) that shape employees' beliefs regarding innovations, such as innovation-targeted helplessness, which ultimately results in innovation fatigue. Data collected from 84 managers and 397 employees of Chinese and Korean organizations prove the significant role of employee perceptions of previous innovations in shaping the innovation-targeted helplessness and fatigue of employees, which ultimately affect employee behavior toward a subsequent innovation. The present conceptual and empirical analyses suggest that given continuous streams of innovation implementation, managers should carefully consider employee's perceptions of previous innovations (i.e., intensity and failure) for successful implementation of a subsequent innovation. Copyright (c) 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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This study investigates determinants and risk-taking behaviour of outsourcing innovation decision as well as the intensity in Vietnam. Outsourcing decision consists of an exclusive make (Make), buy (Pure) or a combination of both ...
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This study investigates determinants and risk-taking behaviour of outsourcing innovation decision as well as the intensity in Vietnam. Outsourcing decision consists of an exclusive make (Make), buy (Pure) or a combination of both internal and external knowledge acquisition (Hybrid) in the innovation strategies. We also define outsourcing innovation intensity as the proportion of costs used for outsourcing innovation. We distinguish these outsourcing strategies in relation to product and process innovation. Based on the unique survey data in Vietnam available in 2016, we highlight the importance of the firm-specific factors such as R&D intensity, exporting status, and share of qualified employees dedicated to R&D activities; the firms' obstacles and objectives for innovation; and the information sources of innovation on the outsourcing innovation decision and intensity. The other striking finding is that outsourcing innovation is risk-taking behaviour, but outsourcing product innovation strategy is a less risky option as compared to the outsourcing process innovation in the case of Vietnamese enterprises.
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Purpose Based on the strategy and new institutional economic literature, this study aims to explore how different levels of supplier concentration (SC) will be characterized by differences in switching cost and coordinated adaptat...
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Purpose Based on the strategy and new institutional economic literature, this study aims to explore how different levels of supplier concentration (SC) will be characterized by differences in switching cost and coordinated adaptation in an ecosystem, thereby shaping its research and development (R&D) intensity, innovation performance and innovation efficiency.Design/methodology/approach This study adopted a set of panel data of Chinese listed firms in the Growth Enterprise Board and their top five suppliers from 2012 to 2016. A Tobit model is used to test the hypotheses.Findings The study finds that SC has an inverted U-shape effect on R&D intensity. This finding implies that firms are more likely to invest in R&D when SC is intermediate level. While it has a U-shape relationship between SC and innovation output, both lower SC and higher SC are more efficient in innovation because of their advantage in low switching cost and better coordinative adaptability, respectively.Originality/value The study complements the innovation ecosystem literature by using SC to represent the structure of the interdependence between firms and suppliers in an ecosystem, then examining the correlation between SC and firms’ innovation investment and output, respectively. Second, combining strategy and new institutional economic literature, the non-linear effects of SC on firms’ innovation are found.
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In recent decades, firms increasingly engage in green innovation activities to address the bourgeoning environmental crisis. Despite the importance of green innovation in determining firms' competitive advantages, few studies exam...
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In recent decades, firms increasingly engage in green innovation activities to address the bourgeoning environmental crisis. Despite the importance of green innovation in determining firms' competitive advantages, few studies examine its effect on brand equity. By drawing on green innovation literature and institutional theory, this study examines the effects of green product innovation and green process innovation on brand equity, as well as the moderating role of industrial institutional environments. An empirical test of cross-sectional panel data collected from various archival sources from China confirms the positive impact of green innovation on brand equity and the contingent role of industrial institutions, including regulation intensity, industry innovation speed, and pollution intensity. The study thus provides important theoretical and managerial implications.
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This study examines factors that may affect innovation strategies and performance of firms in the biotechnology industry. Specifically, differences between factors common to firms with high R&D intensity and those to firms with low R&D intensity are investigated. Biotechnology firms with relatively higher levels of R&D intensity attribute their innovation performance to research-based innovation factors and strategies such as strengthening their own research capabilities, entering into research collaborations with universities, industry leaders and other biotech firms, and licensing their technology. These strategies can be summarized as alignment within the industry. Firms with relatively lower R&D intensity have a hybrid focus - they invest in R&D but may also have products on the market. These firms attribute their innovation performance more so to production-based innovation factors and strategies such as gaining market access and maintaining connections with customers. Their strategy focuses on competitiveness, marketing, and distribution channels, while not ignoring the importance of a strong research base and the need to advance technologically. In a sense, strategies employed to achieve successful innovation reflect the stage of innovation in which a firm is operating for a particular product or process....
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This study examines factors that may affect innovation strategies and performance of firms in the biotechnology industry. Specifically, differences between factors common to firms with high R&D intensity and those to firms with low R&D intensity are investigated. Biotechnology firms with relatively higher levels of R&D intensity attribute their innovation performance to research-based innovation factors and strategies such as strengthening their own research capabilities, entering into research collaborations with universities, industry leaders and other biotech firms, and licensing their technology. These strategies can be summarized as alignment within the industry. Firms with relatively lower R&D intensity have a hybrid focus - they invest in R&D but may also have products on the market. These firms attribute their innovation performance more so to production-based innovation factors and strategies such as gaining market access and maintaining connections with customers. Their strategy focuses on competitiveness, marketing, and distribution channels, while not ignoring the importance of a strong research base and the need to advance technologically. In a sense, strategies employed to achieve successful innovation reflect the stage of innovation in which a firm is operating for a particular product or process.
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Innovation measurement in the knowledge-intensive services (KIS) industry is very complex, due to a lack of adequate innovation indicators. A rather new empirical approach involves the analysis of trademarks for the measurement. T...
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Innovation measurement in the knowledge-intensive services (KIS) industry is very complex, due to a lack of adequate innovation indicators. A rather new empirical approach involves the analysis of trademarks for the measurement. This paper aims to explore the use and relevance of trademarks for service firms. Data from the German section of the 'Community Innovation Survey' are used, and a survey with 278 participating firms is conducted. The results of the two independent empirical studies demonstrate that a trademark can be used as an innovation indicator, at least for knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) and product innovations. The results also illustrate which firm-inside and environmental features explain the use of trademarks as an intellectual property protection measure.
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This paper studies the role of technology standards in firms' product innovation in terms of both incremental innovation (within a technology life cycle) and radical innovation (beyond the present technology cycle). We first devel...
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This paper studies the role of technology standards in firms' product innovation in terms of both incremental innovation (within a technology life cycle) and radical innovation (beyond the present technology cycle). We first develop a theoretical model which predicts that technology standards can be used by firms as an "insurance" hedging against the risky process of developing new products. This insurance mechanism fosters incremental innovation and product growth especially for those further away from the technological frontier. Using data from a weighted panel of UK manufacturing firms over seven years, we find that the use of technology standards over past years significantly enables a firm's incremental innovation while also reducing its incentive to deliver radical innovation. Additionally, we show that this relationship is contingent on a firm's R&D intensity in line with predictions of our theoretical model.
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Technological innovation, which can be classified into major and minor innovation, enables firms to gain competitive and sustainable advantage in the changing environment. R&D investment and financial resources are recognized as two critical factors for fostering technological innovation. Based on a panel dataset of 257 listed Chinese high-tech manufacturing firms over the period of 2008-2015, we explored the effect of R&D intensity on technological innovation and the moderating role of free cash flow using negative binormal regression models. Our results reveal that the relationship between R&D intensity and technological innovation (both major and minor innovation) follows an inverted U pattern in which technological innovation increases with R&D intensity at decreasing rates and falls gradually after R&D intensity exceeds a threshold. Our results also indicate that free cash flow plays a moderating role in the relationship between R&D intensity and major innovation but not in the relationship between R&D intensity and minor innovation. Our study draws attention to the improvement of R&D investment efficiency in high-tech manufacturing firms and sheds light on the importance of holding cash in major innovation-oriented firms....
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Technological innovation, which can be classified into major and minor innovation, enables firms to gain competitive and sustainable advantage in the changing environment. R&D investment and financial resources are recognized as two critical factors for fostering technological innovation. Based on a panel dataset of 257 listed Chinese high-tech manufacturing firms over the period of 2008-2015, we explored the effect of R&D intensity on technological innovation and the moderating role of free cash flow using negative binormal regression models. Our results reveal that the relationship between R&D intensity and technological innovation (both major and minor innovation) follows an inverted U pattern in which technological innovation increases with R&D intensity at decreasing rates and falls gradually after R&D intensity exceeds a threshold. Our results also indicate that free cash flow plays a moderating role in the relationship between R&D intensity and major innovation but not in the relationship between R&D intensity and minor innovation. Our study draws attention to the improvement of R&D investment efficiency in high-tech manufacturing firms and sheds light on the importance of holding cash in major innovation-oriented firms.
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